Romaine Lettuce Seeds - Romaine and Cos Lettuce Varieties
Romaine lettuce, also known as cos lettuce, is one of the classic garden lettuces with elongated, loosely formed heads and particularly crisp leaves. The firm leaf ribs and the tender heart make this lettuce group especially aromatic and versatile in the kitchen.
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Cos lettuce is botanically a form of garden lettuce (Lactuca sativa) belonging to the so-called romaine or cos group. Unlike round head lettuce, it forms upright, elongated heads with sturdy leaves and a lighter, compact heart.
The name cos lettuce originates from an older cultivation method. In the past, the outer leaves were loosely tied together so that the inner part of the lettuce remained lighter and more tender. Modern varieties usually grow more compactly, so this tying is rarely necessary today.
Sowing and Growing Romaine Lettuce
Romaine lettuce is relatively easy to grow in the garden if the location and water supply are suitable. Sowing can take place directly in the bed from April to July. For an earlier start, seeds can also be started under glass from the end of February before the young plants are transplanted outdoors from April.
The seeds are sown about 0.5 to 2 cm deep in loose, humus-rich soil. A spacing of about 30 to 35 cm should be kept between the rows and also between the individual plants. A sunny location and evenly moist soil encourage the development of strong, elongated heads.
Romaine lettuce belongs to the so-called moderate feeders and grows particularly well in well prepared soils enriched with some mature compost. Regular watering is important, especially during warm summer periods, so that the leaves remain tender and the plants do not bolt prematurely.
Typical Characteristics of Romaine Lettuce
Romaine lettuce forms elongated, loosely structured heads with strong leaf ribs and particularly crisp leaves. The inner heart is usually lighter and more tender than the outer leaves. The flavour is more aromatic and slightly more robust than that of many butterhead lettuces.
Romaine lettuce is especially well known as the base for the classic Caesar salad. However, the firm leaves are also suitable for mixed salads or can be briefly sautéed and used as a warm leafy vegetable.
FAQ about Romaine Lettuce
What is the difference between butterhead lettuce and romaine lettuce?
Butterhead lettuce forms round, soft heads with very tender leaves. Romaine lettuce, in contrast, grows in elongated heads and has firmer, crisper leaves with pronounced ribs.
Why was romaine lettuce historically tied together?
In the past the outer leaves were tied together with a string so that the inner heart remained lighter and more tender. This cultivation method was used to blanch the centre of the lettuce.
When can romaine lettuce be harvested?
Harvesting takes place once a well developed head has formed. The lettuce should be cut before it begins to bolt, as the leaves can otherwise become bitter.
